![]() ![]() Females of these wasps operate individually, or at most, in loose aggregations where several females build their nests in the same general area. ![]() There are several species of solitary wasps that build nest tunnels underground, including the eastern cicada-killer wasp, great golden digger wasp, great black wasp, sand wasps, and more.Paper wasps ( Polistes spp., in the same family) build paper nests that have only a single layer of cells these nests are attached on the bottom surface of an overhang, with the cells opening downward.They build large, rounded, papery, gray nests, usually in trees. They, too are social wasps that live in colonies. The bald-faced hornet ( Dolichovespula maculata) is closely related (in the same subfamily), but it is larger and is black with white or ivory-colored markings. ![]() See Human Connections below for more information. Most people only experience localized pain when stung, but some people are severely allergic to wasp and bee stings, and they may experience life-threatening reactions (such as difficulty breathing) if stung. Yellowjackets are a significant stinging threat: They nest in colonies and aggressively defend their nest as a group. Yellowjackets are widely, and incorrectly, called sweat bees. Yellowjacket nests are always enclosed in a wood-pulp paper envelope built by the wasps. Yellowjacket nests are made of paper like those of paper wasps, but they have multiple parallel layers of comb with downward-facing cells (paper wasps always only have a single layer of cells). Right before landing, they often fly quickly side to side. When resting, they usually hold their wings down their back (not spread out). Yellowjackets have yellow or white faces. They usually have beelike black and yellow bands on their abdomens, but unlike honeybees, they are not densely hairy, nor do they collect pollen. Yellowjackets are bee-sized social wasps that build paper nests, usually underground. ![]()
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